Alpus of the dangerous forest4/29/2023 ![]() Villa Aniciaca (modern Annecy, France), Octodurus (Martigny), Augusta Praetoria (Aosta), and Virunum (Zollfeld, Austria) flourished under Roman rule. The Romans enlarged the old Celtic villages and built many new towns both in the valleys leading up to the Alps and within the Alps themselves. The Celts began to open the high Alpine passes for trade routes. ![]() Because of rich archaeological finds there the name Hallstatt has become synonymous with the late Bronze and early Iron ages in Europe, a period dating from about 1000 to 500 bc. The Celts also penetrated the valleys of Graubünden canton in eastern Switzerland, but the great centre of Celtic culture was found at Hallstatt, the site of a small settlement in Upper Austria. In the west the area around the juncture of France, Switzerland, and Italy was occupied by the Celts the modern urban centres of the region, including Martigny, Switzerland, Aosta, Italy, and Grenoble, France, owe their origin to these people. The latter valley is noted for some 20,000 rock engravings that leave an invaluable picture of more than 2,000 years of habitation.įrom 800 to 600 bce Celtic tribes attacked the Neolithic encampments and forced their inhabitants into the remote valleys of the Alps. Sites have been discovered near Lake Annecy, along the shores of Lake Geneva, in the Totes Mountains in Austria, and in the Aosta and Camonica Valleys in Italy. After the retreat of the Alpine glaciers, 4,000 to 3,000 years ago, the valleys were inhabited by Neolithic peoples who lived in caves and small settlements, some of which were built on the shores of the Alpine lakes. They hunted game and left their artifacts in various sites from the Vercors near the Isère valley in France to the Lieglhohle above Taupliz in Austria. Humans have been living in the Alps since Paleolithic times, 60,000 to 50,000 years ago. Many of the larger Alpine cities experience severe local air pollution, and some of the valleys can be filled with impure air for weeks at a time. Pollution from factories adds to that from home heating and motor vehicle exhausts, the situation aggravated by temperature inversions and weather conditions that often produce little wind. ![]() A highly visible result of this growth is the serious decline in air quality. The main river valleys have been converted into linear conurbations of concrete and asphalt and, in order to accommodate the expanding tourist trade, many villages in the higher lateral valleys have taken on the character of lowland suburbs. Most conspicuous, perhaps, is the obvious transformation of the landscape. Slowly, the unique landscape and flora of the Alps that so inspired the early travelers is being irrevocably altered. This has resulted in air of poorer quality water pollution in rivers and lakes a rise in noise pollution slope erosion caused by the construction of ski slopes and roads dumping of solid and organic waste erosion from the quarrying of rock, sand, and gravel for construction and forests weakened by acid rain. With popularity, however, came growth and the impact of so many people caused a steady degradation of the Alpine environment beginning in the mid-20th century. The early travelers to the Alps were greatly inspired by the pristine beauty of what they saw, and from their inspiration sprang the modern popularity of the Alpine region. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.From tech to household and wellness products. This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions. ![]()
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